Implementation in GENESIS of a Model of the Striatal Medium Spiny Projection Neuron
نویسنده
چکیده
Implementation in GENESIS of a Model of the Striatal Medium Spiny Projection Neuron The Medium Spiny Projection (MSP) neuron is the main cell type (> 90%) of the striatum, the input stage of basal ganglia. Basal ganglia receive input from the cortex and is the structure in the brain, thought to be involved in selection and initiation of motor and possibly cognitive actions as well. To understand how the cortical commands are gated and selected it is essential to analyze the information process going on in the striatum, both using experimental and computational approaches. The latest and most complex computational model of the MSP neuron has 189 compartments and contains the cell’s all known intrinsic currents. It was presented by Wolf et al. and this project’s aim was to translate this model from the original simulation environment, NEURON, to another, GENESIS. There are two reasons for this: it is to be connected with the Fast Spiking neuron, already implemented in GENESIS, and additional biochemistry will be added to the model with one of the GENESIS program package KINETIKIT or CHEMESIS. A step by step method was chosen for the translation. In the NEURON model, all the currents conductances were set to zero, rendering a model with only passive properties. After that, the morphology was implemented in GENESIS and checked against the NEURON model by comparing plots of current injections in both models. That procedure was also applied for every channel. Each implementation step in GENESIS was followed by a comparison with the behavior of the equivalent NEURON model, e.g. one channel conductance at a time was allowed to be active. The channels were implemented with the GENESIS object TABCHANNEL. When the currents had strong conductances, the models tended to differ slightly and the GENESIS model showed a higher impact of the current. One source of explanation to why the models behaved differently, is that the two simulation environments use different approaches to solve differential equations, another is the numerical step. That is regular in GENESIS and irregular in NEURON. The calcium currents remain to be implemented, but another master thesis project has recently started and will add these currents to the model. Referat Implementation i GENESIS av en modell av ett Medium Spiny Projection neuron ”Medium Spiny Projection” (MSP) -neuronet är den övervägande celltypen (>90%) i striatum, inputsteget till basala ganglierna. Basala ganglierna tar emot ett mäktigt inflöde av signaler från framförallt hjärnbarken och är den struktur i hjärnan som anses ha avgörande betydelse för vår rörelseförmåga och troligen även för vår realitetsuppfattning. För att förstå hur hjärnbarkens kommandon slussas och initieras är det viktigt att analysera informationsbehandlingen i striatum, både experimentellt och med datormodeller. Den senaste och mest komplexa datormodellen av MSP-neuronet består av 189 kompartments och omfattar alla cellens kända, inneboende strömmar. Modellen togs fram av Wolf et al. och detta projekt gick ut på att översätta modellen från dess ursprungliga simulationsmiljö, NEURON, till en annan, GENESIS. Detta av två anledningar: neuronmodellen skall kopplas ihop med det i GENESIS redan implementerade “Fast Spiking” neuronet, och en modell för intramolekylära biokemiska reaktioner skall läggas till modellen med programpaketet KINETIKIT/CHEMESIS, som finns till GENESIS. Översättningen gjordes stegvis. Först skapades morfologin i GENESIS och resultatet av en ströminjektion i modellen plottades och jämfördes med motsvarande plott i NEURON. Samma metod tillämpades för kanalerna, som i GENESIS implementerades med objektet TABCHANNEL. GENESIS-kanalerna gav genomgående starkare utslag än NEURON-kanalerna. Det noterades också att de kanaler med högst konduktans skilde sig mest mellan de två modellerna. En förklaring till att modellerna skiljer sig är att de två simulationsmiljöerna använder olika metoder för att lösa differentialekvationer, en annan är det numeriska steget, som i GENESIS är regelbundet medan det i NEURON varierar under simulationens gång. Kalciumkanalerna återstår att implementera. Ett nytt examensarbete har nyligen startat och i det ingår att lägga till dessa kanaler till MSP modellen.
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